Cerebrum
The term Cerebrum is derived from Latin word “Cerebrate”, meaning “to use the mind or think”. It refers to the largest part comprising 2/3rd of the total weight of the brain. From the Evolutionary point of view it has developed from Telencephalon.
The surface portion also called cerebral cortex (Grey matter) is composed of six thin layers of “Neurons”, underlying there is a collection of white matter. Nerve fibers in the white matter primarily connects the functional areas of the cerebral cortex. While the Grey matter have many convulsions on it forming sulci (singular: sulcus) and gyri (singular: gyrus) as shown in the diagram. Grey matter includes 10 billion neurons, with about 50 trillion synapses.
read more Cerebellum CerebrumCervical LumbarMedulla Oblongata Pons
Spinal Cord Temporal Lobe SacralThoracic Axon Axon TerminalsDendrite Myelin Sheath Nucleus Pulposus Gray Matter
Spinal Nerve White Matter Corpus CallosumFrontal LobeHypothalamus Occipital Lobe Parietal Lobe Thalamus Cervical Vertebrae Brain Neuron
Cerebrum
It’s the uppermost part of the brain inside the skull superior to other brain structures such as pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata.
Cerebrum is divided into two Hemispheres, each controlling the opposite side of the body. Each hemisphere is further subdivided into lobes, roughly defined by many surface folds. These are
Location It’s the most anterior lobe of the brain, posteriorly bounded by central sulcus also called “fissure of Rolando”, which separates it from parietal lobe. Inferiorly, it is separated from temporal lobe by lateral fissure also called “fissure of sylvius”.This portion is further subdivided into three parts. Prefrontal cortex Motor area Premotor area
Functions This portion contains control center for Motor activity Speech Decision making Problem solving Planning Reasoning Memory
Location Parietal lobes are superior to occipital lobes and posterior to the central sulcus and frontal lobe
Function Information processing Visual perception Pain and touch sensation Spatial orientation
Location Temporal lobe lies on the side of each hemisphere, separated from rest of the cortex by lateral fissure.it contains hippocampus
Functions It deals with the Fear and some other emotions Music Hearing and auditory memories Some behaviors Sense of identification.
Location It lies most posteriorly in the brain. It’s the main center for visual processing.in addition to occipital lobe, posterior portions of parietal and temporal lobes are also involved in visual perception.
Functions Visual perception Color recognition
Clinical points Lateralization of dominant hemisphere decides the function will be performed by which side of the body In 90% right handed individuals the dominant hemisphere is left but for left handed persons this percentile division applies less than 70%.
LOCATION
LOBES
FRONTAL LOBE
PARIETAL LOBE
TEMPORAL LOBE
OCCIPITAL LOBE
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