Temporal Lobe

Temporal lobe is one of the four lobes of the Cerebral Cortex of Brain. It is located below the lateral fissure at the lower part of the brain, both on left and right side. This lobe is basically associated with processing sensory input, visual and auditory perception, language skills, long term memory and emotional responses.

Laterally

Temporal Lobe

COMPONENTS

Amygdala
Primary auditory area
Secondary auditory area
Hippocampus
Parahippocampal cortex
Wernicke's area

BLOOD SUPPLY

This lobe receives the arterial blood supply from the cortical branches of:

Middle cerebral artery, which is direct and largest branch of internal carotid artery
Posterior cerebral artery, which is a branch of basilar artery

FUNCTIONS

Amygdala is concerned with converting short-term memory into long-term memory
Hippocampus is associated with keeping things into long-term memory
Visual area is concerned with interpretation of visual stimuli
Primary auditory area is associated with hearing, a primary function
Secondary auditory area interprets the meaning of auditory stimuli
Wernicke’s area is meant for language skills and comprehension
In addition, our emotional responses are also associated with temporal lobe

CLINICAL IMPORTANCE

Any trauma to the brain can cause damage to the temporal lobe which will be represented as:

Hearing loss and problem in interpretation of the auditory stimuli
Problems in perceiving visual input
Difficulty in comprehension of language
Unable to organize the verbal material
Prominent change in sexual life and behaviour towards it
Personality changes
Loss of long-term memory

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