Anatomic.us > Respiratory System

Lungs

Lungs are vital organs that are responsible for respiration. Blood oxygenation process is carried out in the lungs to oxygenate the blood. Oxygen enters the lungs and carbon dioxide is expired out during the process of respiration. The lungs are present in pair sharing same functions and roles with a few anatomical differences. There is middle mediastinum between two lungs, separating them. The lungs’ weight ranges from 325-580 grams with right lungs being heavier. The length of lungs is about 10-14 inches and again right lung is little longer as it has got more space than the left.

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Lungs

TEXTURE OF LUNGS

The lungs are roughly conical organs that are soft, light and spongy occupying the pulmonary spaces in chest. The lungs are bright pink colored organs that are slippery on handling.

 

PARTS OF A LUNG

The lungs are further divided into different parts to understand them more easily. Following are the main parts of lungs:

  • Apex, the blunt and upper end of lungs

  • Base, the concave and lower surface of lungs

  • Lobes, the divided parts of lung by two or more fissures. Right lung has three lobes (upper, middle and lower) separated by two fissures (oblique fissure separating lower lobe from the middle lobe and horizontal fissure separates middle lobe from upper lobe). Left lung, on the other hand, has two lobes (upper and lower) separated by one fissure (oblique fissure).

  • Surfaces

  • Borders

 

HILUM OF LUNGS (DOORWAY TO LUNGS)

The wedge shaped small area facing the mediastinal surface medially is known as hilum through which the vessels and air ducts enter and leave the lungs. Hence it is a gateway to the lungs. This area is covered and protected by the pleural sheath, known as pleural sleeve.

Following structures are present in lungs’ hilum:

BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY

The lungs are supplied by a pulmonary artery that supplies blood to lungs and two pulmonary veins that drain blood out of lungs. Nerve supply is provided by pulmonary plexus.


TEXTURE OF LUNGS

The lungs are roughly conical organs that are soft, light and spongy occupying the pulmonary spaces in chest. The lungs are bright pink colored organs that are slippery on handling.

 

PARTS OF A LUNG

The lungs are further divided into different parts to understand them more easily. Following are the main parts of lungs:

  • Apex, the blunt and upper end of lungs

  • Base, the concave and lower surface of lungs

  • Lobes, the divided parts of lung by two or more fissures. Right lung has three lobes (upper, middle and lower) separated by two fissures (oblique fissure separating lower lobe from the middle lobe and horizontal fissure separates middle lobe from upper lobe). Left lung, on the other hand, has two lobes (upper and lower) separated by one fissure (oblique fissure).

  • Surfaces

  • Borders

 

HILUM OF LUNGS (DOORWAY TO LUNGS)

The wedge shaped small area facing the mediastinal surface medially is known as hilum through which the vessels and air ducts enter and leave the lungs. Hence it is a gateway to the lungs. This area is covered and protected by the pleural sheath, known as pleural sleeve.

Following structures are present in lungs’ hilum:

BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY

The lungs are supplied by a pulmonary artery that supplies blood to lungs and two pulmonary veins that drain blood out of lungs. Nerve supply is provided by pulmonary plexus.

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