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Palatine Tonsil


HISTOLOGY

Palatine tonsils are covered by stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium which dips into underlying tissue to form crypts. The number of crypts varies from 12-15. These crypts are surrounded by lymphocytes arranged in the form of nodules.

 

BLOOD SUPPLY

Palatine tonsils are supplied by:

  • Tonsillar branch of facial artery

  • Ascending palatine branch of facial artery

  • Dorsal lingual branches of lingual artery

  • Ascending pharyngeal branch of external carotid artery

  • Greater palatine branch of maxillary artery

 

NERVE SUPPLY

Lesser palatine nerves and branches of glossopharyngeal nerve innervate these tonsils.

 

FUNCTIONS

The purpose of palatine tonsils is to protect the body from infection. The lymphocytes present within the tonsils provide immunity by fighting against pathogens or bacteria.

 

CLINICAL POINTS

  • Inflammation of tonsils is called tonsillitis which causes fever and sore throat.

  • Palatine tonsils are the common site of infection in children

  • Enlarged or infected tonsils sometimes require surgical removal. This operation is called tonsillectomy

  • Tonsilollith is a condition in which calcium stones are formed in tonsils that make them painful and inflamed.



HISTOLOGY

Palatine tonsils are covered by stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium which dips into underlying tissue to form crypts. The number of crypts varies from 12-15. These crypts are surrounded by lymphocytes arranged in the form of nodules.

 

BLOOD SUPPLY

Palatine tonsils are supplied by:

  • Tonsillar branch of facial artery

  • Ascending palatine branch of facial artery

  • Dorsal lingual branches of lingual artery

  • Ascending pharyngeal branch of external carotid artery

  • Greater palatine branch of maxillary artery

 

NERVE SUPPLY

Lesser palatine nerves and branches of glossopharyngeal nerve innervate these tonsils.

 

FUNCTIONS

The purpose of palatine tonsils is to protect the body from infection. The lymphocytes present within the tonsils provide immunity by fighting against pathogens or bacteria.

 

CLINICAL POINTS

  • Inflammation of tonsils is called tonsillitis which causes fever and sore throat.

  • Palatine tonsils are the common site of infection in children

  • Enlarged or infected tonsils sometimes require surgical removal. This operation is called tonsillectomy

  • Tonsilollith is a condition in which calcium stones are formed in tonsils that make them painful and inflamed.

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