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External Carotid Artery


ANATOMY

External Carotid Artery starts at the level of the upper region of Thyroid Cartilage. It takes a slight curve and goes down to the space behind the Neck of the Mandible. There, in the Parotid Gland (major salivary gland), it divides into Superficial Temporal and Maxillary Artery. Due to a large number of branches that it gives off, it diminishes in size while moving back up the Neck. The artery is superficial at the origin and is located in the Carotid Triangle (anterior triangle of the neck).

 

FUNCTION

The arterial blood supply of the External Carotid Artery from inferior to superior region is as follows.

(i)     Arising in Carotid Triangle

  • Superior Thyroid Artery

  • Ascending Pharyngeal Artery

  • Lingual Artery

  • Facial Artery

  • Occipital Artery

(ii)   Posterior Auricular Artery

(iii) Terminal Branches

  • Maxillary Artery

  • Superficial Temporal Artery

 

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

The common pathology affecting the External Carotid Artery is the Carotid Artery Disease which is caused by the buildup of Plaque. The disease causes to decrease the blood flow to the brain leading to Stroke.



ANATOMY

External Carotid Artery starts at the level of the upper region of Thyroid Cartilage. It takes a slight curve and goes down to the space behind the Neck of the Mandible. There, in the Parotid Gland (major salivary gland), it divides into Superficial Temporal and Maxillary Artery. Due to a large number of branches that it gives off, it diminishes in size while moving back up the Neck. The artery is superficial at the origin and is located in the Carotid Triangle (anterior triangle of the neck).

 

FUNCTION

The arterial blood supply of the External Carotid Artery from inferior to superior region is as follows.

(i)     Arising in Carotid Triangle

  • Superior Thyroid Artery

  • Ascending Pharyngeal Artery

  • Lingual Artery

  • Facial Artery

  • Occipital Artery

(ii)   Posterior Auricular Artery

(iii) Terminal Branches

  • Maxillary Artery

  • Superficial Temporal Artery

 

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

The common pathology affecting the External Carotid Artery is the Carotid Artery Disease which is caused by the buildup of Plaque. The disease causes to decrease the blood flow to the brain leading to Stroke.

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