ANATOMY

Epiglottis is one of the nine cartilaginous structures that form the Larynx (Voice Box). While breathing Epiglottis completely lies within the Larynx. When a person is swallowing it helps the anterior part of the Pharynx. Histology of Epiglottis shows that its body consists of Elastic Cartilage. The body of Epiglottis has two surfaces i.e.

• Lingual Surface

• Laryngeal Surface

These two surfaces are related to Oral Cavity and Larynx respectively.

The entire Lingual surface and apex of Laryngeal surface is covered with Stratified Squamous (Flattened) Non Kreatinized Epithelium. While the remaining of Laryngeal surface, related to Respiratory System, has Respiratory Epithelium.

FUNCTION

Epiglottis acts as a guard between Glottis (opening between Vocal folds). It normally points upwards when a person is breathing. While swallowing the Hyoid Bone is elevated and draws the Larynx upwards due to which the Epiglottis folds down to a horizontal position. In this way it prevents the food from going into Trachea and instead push it into Esophagus which is in behind.

DISEASES

Sometimes children become infected with Haemophilus Influenzae and Streptococci in Trachea resulting in Inflammation. This condition is named as Epiglottitis. However the condition is now found rarely in countries where vaccination against Haemophilus Influenzae has been administered.